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Explore changes in AI and PR through research.

Read published research findings and their practical implications, with access to the data scope, methods and limitations.

GEO research observations · November 1, 2026

What shapes AI’s view of the candidates?

Three waves around Taipei’s mayoral debate show which sources AI cites, how it compares candidates, and which topics stay in its answers.

By and

Read the Taipei debate study: AI answers and sources across three waves →
Cited sources, candidate comparisons and changing topics: three ways to read the study
A GEO Positioning System (GPS) study · Charts, methods and research FAQ

GEO research observations · 2026-10-04

Do AI models keep citing the same websites?

How do cited websites change when the same questions are tested with a different model or on another date?

Read the AI citation comparisons
Comparison overview

The same set of questions

Between models

GPTGemini

Changes over time

Same-day repeatsAcross test dates

Scope and limitations: this is a descriptive comparison of existing test exports. Model endpoints and some test conditions were not independently verified, and cited pages were not individually checked.

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